It was seen how important the measures to be taken and the work to be done after the COVID-19 epidemic, which shook the whole world since the beginning of 2019, spread rapidly and turned into a pandemic. It was discussed how to benefit from artificial intelligence, which is today's technology, in health-related issues, especially pandemics. Although there are some limitations of artificial intelligence in these studies; It was emphasized that it will also enable policies that keep social and economic damages to a minimum, high anticipation and support basic health services.
Use of Artificial Intelligence in Healthcare
Artificial intelligence is widely used in the field of health, as it can appear at many points in daily life. Among the areas of public health promotion such as air pollution epidemiology of artificial intelligence, water microbe detection, aged care monitoring; A wide range of use has been provided, such as monitoring individuals at risk with suicidal thoughts. Early diagnosis, diagnosis, decision making, treatment, research, education, and protecting and maintaining health can be given as examples . It enables people to better understand their daily life patterns and needs, and to receive better feedback, guidance and support to stay healthy with this foresight. It is still used, especially in many cancer screenings, to make a more accurate diagnosis and to detect early stages.
On the other hand, software (IBM Watson for Health application, Google's Deep Mind Health application) have been developed that review and collect a large number of health data and much more medical information such as every medical journal, symptom, treatment and response, case study in the world. The technology has combined machine learning and systems neuroscience to create powerful general-purpose learning algorithms for neural networks that mimic the human brain . In addition, artificial intelligence can help clinicians adopt a more comprehensive approach to disease management and increase patient compliance by providing better coordination. It is also used in complex laboratory procedures, rehabilitation and physical therapy, which have become increasingly common in the last 30 years. It is thought that it started a new era, especially in research and education. The drug development industry, which goes through many long and expensive stages; Thanks to artificial intelligence, it gains great potential at lower costs by following new developments, new discoveries and facilitating process processes.
Use of Artificial Intelligence in the COVID-19 Pandemic
1- Early Diagnosis
Artificial intelligence can quickly analyze irregular symptoms and febrile individual follow-up and thus enable the early warning system by separating patients from healthy individuals. If artificial intelligence is used with an effective cost balance, it enables faster decision-making by helping in the diagnosis of infected cases with the help of computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and medical imaging technologies . Progressing through useful algorithms will save healthcare professionals the necessary time and more infected people will be detected. Especially, after the routine screening program of the virus-specific reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) test, which is frequently used in pandemics, a more reliable path was achieved. However, the fact that it can produce false negative results and miss some positive cases creates great anxiety. As a result, various artificial intelligence algorithms have been written to integrate chest CT findings, clinical symptoms, exposure history and laboratory tests in order to diagnose patients quickly and accurately, making diagnosis very easy.
2- Treatment Follow-up
Artificial intelligence can be used to create a wide neural network to extract visual features of the disease by creating a smart platform that will automatically monitor the spread of the virus. Appropriate monitoring of affected individuals will be of great benefit in keeping the outbreak under control.
3- Contact Tracking
The monitoring of COVID-19 has led to the industry of building a data dashboard to display the actual and expected spread. MIT Technology Review has created the ranking of these monitoring and prediction panels. Many dashboards such as UpCode, NextStrain, Johns Hopkins CSSE, Thebaselab, Microsoft Bing have been created.
4- Estimation of Cases and Death Rates
In the light of available data; Infection risks and spread can be monitored and predicted from social media and OTHER media platforms. The number of positive cases and deaths in any area can also be predicted and encouraged people to take more action to raise awareness. V) Development of drugs and vaccines In 2019, a new influenza vaccine was developed by scientists at Flinders University, thanks to the artificial intelligence software called Search Algorithm for Ligands (SAM). The first artificial intelligence vaccine that is in the testing phase; It also sets an example for new artificial intelligence vaccination studies for COVID-19 by shedding light on many studies.